Conventional topical formulations of clotrimazole are intended to treat infections by effective penetration of drugs into the stratum corneum. Clotrimazole, a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal agent is widely used to treat fungal infections. It is the fourth most common cause of infection. Global incidence of superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes is high and affects around 40 million people. This dissertation delineates several formulation strategies to improve the solubility and permeability of small molecules for drug delivery applications. Several physical, chemical and formulation techniques have been employed to improve the bioavailability. Biopharmaceutics drug classification system (BCS) categorizes the existing drugs into four classes based on the aqueous solubility and membrane permeability and it is reported that >70% of the drugs are poorly soluble and belong to BCS class II and BCS class IV. However, designing a drug delivery system is complex as several factors such as lipophilicity, molecular mass, crystallinity, ionic charge, polymorphic forms and hydrogen bonding) affect the solubility and permeability of these molecules. Pradeep Kumar Bolla, University of Texas at El PasoĪll the new chemical entities/drug molecules intended for therapeutic use must be administered using an appropriate delivery system/dosage form to achieve maximum bioavailability. Formulation Strategies To Enhance Solubility And Permeability Of Small Molecules For Drug Delivery Applications
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